Medically reviewed by Jennifer Steinhoff, MD Key Takeaways The lumbar spine includes five vertebrae that help with mobility ...

Most of the time, low back pain is caused by strained back muscles. But in some cases, problems with your spine can lead to pain in your lower back. Examples of this include: Bulging or ruptured disks ...

Scientists have recapitulated in the laboratory how the cellular structures that give rise to our spinal column form sequentially. They have created a 3D in vitro model that mimics how the precursor ...

Bones called vertebrae make up your spine. Muscles and ligaments connect your vertebrae to each other. Between the vertebrae lie soft, flat discs that provide cushioning and support. Each vertebra ...

What is the anatomy of the spinal cord? The human spinal cord is a cylindrical structure of nerve tissue that is protected by the spinal column and composed of uniformly organized white and grey ...

The lumbar vertebrae are the largest movable bones of the backbone. Their large size and bone strength is necessary because these vertebrae support more weight than the upper two segments of the ...

A research team at the University of Maryland School of Medicine has identified a cell signaling pathway which plays a significant role in causing developmental defects of the fetal spinal cord and ...