Synthetic biologists have become increasingly creative in engineering yeast or bacteria to churn out useful chemicals - from fuels to fabrics and drugs - beyond the normal repertoire of microbes. But ...

A new technique reveals ribosome cooperativity, providing new insights into protein production. Researchers from Marvin Tanenbaum’s group at the Hubrecht Institute (Utrecht, Netherlands) have ...

The protein factories in our cells – so-called ribosomes – have a central task: during a process known as translation, amino acids are linked together according to messenger RNA, forming a growing ...

During translation, multiple ribosomes travel along the nucleic acid chain to build polypeptides that become functional proteins. Occasionally, these molecular decoders pause on the mRNA, either ...

Transcription and translation are processes a cell uses to make all proteins the body needs to function from information stored in the sequence of bases in DNA. The four bases (C, A, T/U, and G in the ...

How does the cell convert DNA into working proteins? The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But ...