Cold weather and pregnancy increase cattle energy demands. Proper nutrition and shelter boost cow health and calf performance ...

The body condition scoring system (BCS) is used to assess body energy reserves in beef cows. The BCS system used for beef cattle ranges from 1 to 9. A score of 1 indicates cows that are thin and ...

Teat size and udder suspension are essential traits related to cow productivity. The universal two-score system was developed ...

The Busch family also records individual udder scores at calving. When tagging the calf, they observe and score the cow’s ...

The assessment of body condition in dairy cows is critical for optimising herd management, nutrition, and overall animal welfare. Traditional manual scoring methods are inherently subjective and ...